Jump to content

China Daily

Coordinates: 39°58′48″N 116°25′26″E / 39.980092°N 116.423802°E / 39.980092; 116.423802 (China Daily)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

China Daily
Headquarters of China Daily in February 2023
TypeDaily newspaper, state media
FormatBroadsheet
Owner(s)Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party
Editor-in-chiefQu Yingpu
Founded1 June 1981; 43 years ago (1981-06-01)
LanguageEnglish
HeadquartersChina: 15 Huixin Street East, Chaoyang District, Beijing
39°58′48″N 116°25′26″E / 39.980092°N 116.423802°E / 39.980092; 116.423802 (China Daily)
Overseas: 1500 Broadway, Suite 2800
New York, NY 10036
U.S.
Websitewww.chinadaily.com.cn Edit this at Wikidata

China Daily (Chinese: 中国日报; pinyin: Zhōngguó Rìbào) is an English-language daily newspaper owned by the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party.[1][2][3]

Overview

[edit]

China Daily has the widest print circulation of any English-language newspaper in China.[1] The headquarters and principal editorial office is in the Chaoyang District of Beijing.[4] The newspaper has branch offices in most major cities of China as well as several major foreign cities including New York City, Washington, D.C., London, and Kathmandu.[5] China Daily also produces an insert of sponsored content called China Watch that has been distributed inside other newspapers including The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, and Le Figaro.[6][7][8][9][10]

Within mainland China, the newspaper targets primarily diplomats, foreign expatriates, tourists, and locals wishing to improve their English.[1] The China edition also offers program guides to Radio Beijing and television, daily exchange rates, and local entertainment schedules.[11] It has been used as a guide to Chinese government policy and positions of the Chinese Communist Party.[12][13] Scholar Falk Hartig describes the newspaper and its various international editions as an "instrument of China's public diplomacy."[1][14]

China Daily's editorial policies have historically been described as slightly more liberal than other Chinese state news outlets.[1][15][16] Its coverage of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre was overwhelmingly sympathetic to the student protests with many of its journalists joining in at the height of mass demonstrations.[17] The newspaper's coverage of the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak was reported to be more critical, fact-driven, and less laudatory than that of the People's Daily.[18] A 2018 discourse analysis from Uppsala University found that prior to Xi Jinping's accession, many China Daily articles portrayed their government as a particular kind of democracy, with democratic ideals such as the implementation of universal suffrage (in Hong Kong) and grassroots elections sometimes endorsed. After his accession, articles became more negative in tone toward democracy and shifted focus to portraying the "vices" of democracies in the West, particularly the United States.[19]

Editorial control

[edit]

Scholars have described China Daily as effectively controlled by the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party.[1][2][3] Ideologically, it tends to adopt similar perspectives to the People's Daily.[20] According to its 2014 annual report, China Daily is formally managed by the State Council Information Office (SCIO), which was formed from the Central Publicity Department in 1991.[4][21] The SCIO holds regular meetings with journalists and editors from China Daily on what they should publish.[21] In 2014, the SCIO was absorbed into the CCP's Central Publicity Department.[22] The SCIO has stated that China Daily is "one of our most important tools in carrying out external propaganda".[23]

A former copy-editor (or "polisher" as termed at China Daily) for the newspaper described her role being "to tweak propaganda enough that it read as English, without inadvertently triggering war."[24] Journalist Michael Ottey described his time working for China Daily as "almost like working for a public relations firm" and added "it wasn't really honest journalism. It was more 'Let's make the Chinese government look good.'"[25] Writer Mitch Moxley, who worked at China Daily from 2007 to 2008, wrote in 2013 that many of the articles published in the newspaper's opinion pages "violated everything [he] had ever learned about journalistic ethics, including China Daily's own code: 'Factual, Honest, Fair, Complete.'"[26]

History

[edit]

China Daily was officially established in June 1981 after a one-month trial.[27] It was initially led by Jiang Muyue, with Liu Zhunqi as editor in chief.[17] It was the first national daily English-language newspaper in China after the establishment of the People's Republic in 1949. Its initial circulation was 22,000, which grew to 65,000 by the following year.[27] The paper was a departure from other Chinese newspapers at the time: it was "a Western-style paper", in content, style, and organizational structure.[27] By July 1982, the newspaper had plans to publish editions in the United States, the United Kingdom, and tentatively Australia.[27] Initially, it struggled to find English-speaking journalists.[27]

China Daily began distribution in North America in 1983. It has been registered as a foreign agent in the United States under the Foreign Agents Registration Act since 1983.[28]

China Daily introduced an online edition in 1996 and a Hong Kong edition in 1997.[29] By 2006, it had a reported circulation of 300,000, of which two thirds were in China and one third international.[17] In 2010, it launched China Daily Asia Weekly, a tabloid-sized pan-Asian edition.[29]

In December 2012, China Daily launched an Africa edition, published in Nairobi, the capital of Kenya.[30][31] This edition aimed expand the China Daily readership, of both African people and Chinese people who live in Africa, and showcase China's interests in Africa.[31]

In 2015, China Daily published a fake op-ed which the publication claimed was penned by Peter Hessler. They combined part of the transcript of an interview he had done with comments from another person interviewed as well as completely fabricated parts and ran it as an op-ed under Hessler's byline without his knowledge or permission.[32] The fabricated op-ed contained made up praise for China and misrepresented Hessler's own words by taking them out of context.[33][34] According to the Associated Press, the editorial repeated Chinese Communist Party talking points and China Daily refused to retract it although it subsequently removed the English language version of the op-ed.[35]

In 2018, the paper fabricated a quote by the mayor of Davos, Tarzisius Caviezel.[36]

A January 2020 report by Freedom House, a U.S. non-governmental organization, noted that China Daily had increased its spending from $500,000 in the first half of 2009 to over $5 million in the latter half of 2019 for increased print runs.[37][38] China Daily said it had a circulation of 300,000 in the U.S. and 600,000 overseas.[38]

In February 2020, a group of U.S. lawmakers asked the United States Department of Justice to investigate China Daily for alleged violations of the Foreign Agents Registration Act.[39] Later the same month, the United States Department of State designated China Daily, along with several other Chinese state media outlets, as foreign missions owned or controlled by the Chinese Communist Party.[40][41][28][42]

In June 2020, China Daily awarded a tender for a "foreign personnel analysis platform" to the Communication University of China to scan social media and automatically flag "false statements and reports on China."[43]

In September 2020, India's Ministry of External Affairs issued a statement saying that comments made by China Daily were falsely attributed to Ajit Doval.[44] In September 2023, the US Department of State accused the Chinese government of information laundering by using a fictitious opinion columnist named "Yi Fan" writing in China Daily and other outsets to present state narratives as "organic sentiment".[45][46][47]

In January 2024, China Daily and the Yunnan International Communication Center (ICC), a project of the propaganda department of the Yunnan provincial CCP committee, jointly launched the South and Southeast Asian Media Network.[48] China Daily has continued to partner with other provincial ICCs established by provincial CCP propaganda departments.[49]

Reception

[edit]

Overall

[edit]

In a 2004 journal article, University of Sheffield professor Lily Chen stated that China Daily was "essentially a publicly funded government mouthpiece".[50] Judy Polumbaum stated in the Berkshire Encyclopedia of China (2009) that China Daily "resists definition as a simple mouthpiece" and has a "distinctive, if quixotic, status".[17] In 2009, China Daily was called "the most influential English language national newspaper in China" according to University of St. Thomas scholar Juan Li.[20] It is known for original reporting.[17] Non-governmental organization Reporters Without Borders has accused China Daily of engaging in censorship and propaganda.[51][52]

The New York Times wrote that China Daily's inserts published in US newspapers "generally offer an informative, if anodyne, view of world affairs refracted through the lens of the Communist Party."[28] In response to criticism, The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Daily Telegraph, and Nine Entertainment Co. ceased publishing China Daily's China Watch inserts in their newspapers.[7][10] In March 2024, US senator Marco Rubio publicly called on The Seattle Times, Houston Chronicle, The Boston Globe, Los Angeles Times, Time, USA Today, Financial Times, Sun Sentinel, and the Chicago Tribune to sever financial ties with China Daily.[53]

Disinformation

[edit]

Media outlets such as The New York Times, NPR, Quartz, and BuzzFeed News have published accounts of China Daily's dissemination of disinformation related to the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests.[54][55][56][57][58] In September 2019, China Daily's official Facebook account stated that Hong Kong protesters were planning on launching terrorist attacks on 11 September of the same year.[59][60]

In May 2020, CNN, Financial Times, and other media outlets reported that China Daily censored references to the origin of the COVID-19 pandemic from an opinion piece authored by European Union ambassadors.[61][62][63][64] In January 2021, China Daily inaccurately attributed deaths in Norway to the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.[65] In April 2021, the European External Action Service published a report that cited China Daily and other state media outlets for "selective highlighting" of potential vaccine side-effects and "disregarding contextual information or ongoing research" to present Western vaccines as unsafe.[66][67] In October 2021, the German Marshall Fund reported that China Daily was one of several state media outlets propagating a conspiracy theory concerning the origins of COVID-19.[68]

In January 2022, China Daily alleged that the U.S. planned to pay athletes to "sabotage" the 2022 Winter Olympics.[69] In March 2022, China Daily published an article in Chinese[70] which falsely claimed that COVID-19 was created by Moderna, citing a page on The Exposé, a British conspiracist website.[71][72]

Portrayal of Muslims

[edit]

A 2019 critical discourse analysis of China Daily's coverage of Chinese Muslims found them to be portrayed as "obedient and dependent Chinese citizens who benefit from the government's intervention."[73] In January 2021, a China Daily article praised a report from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, stating that government policies in Xinjiang had "emancipated" the minds of Uyghur women so that they are "no longer baby-making machines".[74][75] The article drew condemnation as being a justification for reproductive policies which persecute Uyghur people,[76][77][78] and sparked calls for Twitter to remove links to the article.[79][80][81] Twitter removed a reposting of the China Daily article by the PRC's official U.S. embassy account and subsequently suspended the account for contravening its stated policy against "dehumanization of a group of people".[82]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f Hartig, Falk (27 November 2017). "China Daily - Beijing's Global Voice?". In Thussu, Daya Kishan; De Burgh, Hugo; Shi, Anbin (eds.). China's Media Go Global. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315619668. ISBN 978-1-317-21461-8. OCLC 1158860903. Archived from the original on 21 November 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
  2. ^ a b Chen, Lily (September 2013). "Who speaks and how? Studies of voicing in the China Daily following a decade of change". Chinese Journal of Communication. 6 (3): 325–349. doi:10.1080/17544750.2013.789421. ISSN 1754-4750. S2CID 144203378.
  3. ^ a b 有林, ed. (December 1993). General History of the People's Republic of China, 1949-1995 (in Chinese). 北京: 当代中国出版社. p. 446. ISBN 7-80092-500-5.
  4. ^ a b "2014 Annual Report". State Institution Registration Authority (in Chinese). 1 June 2015. Archived from the original on 6 August 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  5. ^ "China Daily launches Kathmandu edition in Nepal". Xinhua News Agency. 31 May 2013. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2013.
  6. ^ Fifield, Anna (16 January 2020). "China is waging a global propaganda war to silence critics abroad, report warns". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
  7. ^ a b Waterson, Jim; Jones, Dean Sterling (14 April 2020). "Daily Telegraph stops publishing section paid for by China". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 April 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  8. ^ Yu, Mo (26 June 2020). "US Spending Report Sheds Light on China's Global Propaganda Campaign". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  9. ^ Basu, Zachary (23 September 2018). "China takes out anti-trade war ads in Des Moines Register". Axios. Archived from the original on 24 September 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
  10. ^ a b Meade, Amanda (9 December 2020). "Nine Entertainment newspapers quit carrying China Watch supplement". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
  11. ^ Thurston, Anne F.; Turner-Gottschang, Karen; Reed, Linda A. (1994). China Bound: A Guide to Academic Life and Work in the PRC (Revised ed.). Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. p. 38. doi:10.17226/2111. ISBN 978-0-309-04932-0.
  12. ^ Lams, Lutgard (21 November 2017). "Othering in Chinese official media narratives during diplomatic standoffs with the US and Japan". Palgrave Communications. 3 (1): 33. doi:10.1057/s41599-017-0034-z. ISSN 2055-1045.
  13. ^ Schnell, James A. (2001). Qualitative Method Interpretations in Communication Studies. Lexington Books. p. [page needed]. ISBN 978-0-7391-0147-6.
  14. ^ Hartig, Falk (23 September 2019). "Rethinking China's global 'propaganda' blitz". Global Media and Communication. 16 (1): 3–18. doi:10.1177/1742766519871694. ISSN 1742-7665. S2CID 204356272.
  15. ^ Heuvel, Jon Vanden; Dennis, Everette E. (1993). The Unfolding Lotus: East Asia's Changing Media: A Report of the Freedom Forum Media Studies Center at Columbia University in the City of New York. The Center. p. 33. OCLC 623928917.
  16. ^ Liu, Lihua (1 February 2009). "Discourse construction of social power: interpersonal rhetoric in editorials of the China Daily". Discourse Studies. 11 (1): 59–78. doi:10.1177/1461445608098498. ISSN 1461-4456. S2CID 220784533.
  17. ^ a b c d e Cheng, Linsun (2016). Berkshire Encyclopedia of China. Vol. 1. Berkshire Publishing Group. doi:10.1093/acref/9780190622671.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-9770159-4-8.
  18. ^ Changfu, Chang (21 November 2013). "One System, Two Frames: The Coverage of the WTO Negotiations and the SARS Outbreak by the People's Daily and the China Daily". Evolution of Power: China's Struggle, Survival, and Success. Lexington Books. pp. 263–265. ISBN 978-0-7391-8498-1. OCLC 864899546. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
  19. ^ Hietanen, Markus (2018). A Discourse on Democracy in China Daily (PDF). Uppsala Universitet. pp. 21–26. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
  20. ^ a b Li, Juan (2009). "Intertextuality and national identity: discourse of national conflicts in daily newspapers in the United States and China". Discourse & Society. 20 (1): 85–121. doi:10.1177/0957926508097096. ISSN 0957-9265. JSTOR 42889245. S2CID 220396320.
  21. ^ a b Brady, Anne-Marie (2008). Marketing Dictatorship: Propaganda and Thought Work in Contemporary China. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 23, 156, 168. ISBN 978-0-7425-4057-6. OCLC 968245349. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
  22. ^ Lulu, Jichang; Jirouš, Filip; Lee, Rachel (25 January 2021). "Xi's centralisation of external propaganda: SCIO and the Central Propaganda Department" (PDF). Sinopsis. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 February 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  23. ^ Kilpatrick, Ryan Ho (16 March 2023). "The Ins and Outs of the China Daily USA". China Media Project. Archived from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  24. ^ Needham, Kirsty (23 August 2004). "Dear Iris, the truth is this ..." The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  25. ^ Scott, Liam (18 October 2021). "China Media Directives Reveal Granular Detail of State Censorship". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
  26. ^ Moxley, Mitch (3 August 2013). "Fear and Loathing at the China Daily". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
  27. ^ a b c d e Lawrence, John (1982). "China Daily News". The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs (8): 147–151. doi:10.2307/2158933. ISSN 0156-7365. JSTOR 2158933. S2CID 156940388.
  28. ^ a b c Jakes, Lara; Myers, Steven Lee (18 February 2020). "U.S. Designates China's Official Media as Operatives of the Communist State". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  29. ^ a b "About China Daily". China Daily. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018.
  30. ^ "China Daily newspaper launches Africa edition". BBC News. 14 December 2012. Archived from the original on 14 December 2012. Retrieved 15 December 2012.
  31. ^ a b Smith, David (14 May 2012). "China Daily to publish African edition as Beijing strengthens voice abroad". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 17 April 2016. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  32. ^ Davison, Nicola (21 January 2015). "China state-run newspaper 'fabricated column by New Yorker writer' praising Beijing". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  33. ^ Yu, Jess (21 January 2015). "New Yorker Writer Is Surprised by Byline in Chinese Newspaper: His Own". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 26 January 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  34. ^ Hernandez, Javier C. (14 October 2015). "In China's State News Media, What Is Said May Not Be What's Printed". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 26 January 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  35. ^ Chang, Jack. "New Yorker writer says he didn't pen op-ed in Chinese paper". Associated Press. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 8 April 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  36. ^ Huang, Zheping (26 January 2018). "A Chinese paper used fake news to play up Xi Jinping's influence at Davos". Quartz. Archived from the original on 26 January 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  37. ^ Tandon, Shaun (8 April 2020). "US tightens rules on Chinese state media". Hong Kong Free Press. Agence France-Presse. Archived from the original on 8 April 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  38. ^ a b Yoder, Steven (6 May 2020). "Driven to 'near extinction': Beijing's high-pressure campaign against the foreign Chinese-language press". Coda Media. Archived from the original on 10 May 2020. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  39. ^ Magnier, Mark (8 February 2020). "US lawmakers push Justice Department to investigate China Daily, label the newspaper a foreign agent". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
  40. ^ Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (18 February 2020). "Exclusive: Pompeo says new China media restrictions "long overdue"". Axios. Archived from the original on 18 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  41. ^ Tomlinson, Lucas (18 February 2020). "State Department designates 5 Chinese media outlets 'foreign missions'". Fox News. Archived from the original on 18 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  42. ^ O'Keeffe, Kate; Cheng, Jonathan (19 February 2020). "State Department Names Five Chinese Media Outlets as Foreign Missions in U.S." The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 1 April 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  43. ^ Cadell, Cate (31 December 2021). "China harvests masses of data on Western targets, documents show". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  44. ^ "Press Statement on China Daily / Global Times article attributing false comments to NSA". Ministry of External Affairs (India). 8 September 2020. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
  45. ^ "How the People's Republic of China Seeks to Reshape the Global Information Environment". United States Department of State. 28 September 2023. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023. PRC officials sometimes attribute relevant content to specific authors under false names, likely to conceal the PRC's role in producing it and falsely purporting to represent legitimate, organic sentiment in a given region. In addition, PRC officials are known in some cases to attribute such manufactured commentaries to "international affairs commentators" and then use other individual, non-official accounts to promote these commentaries. As one example, the PRC Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) uses a manufactured persona named Yi Fan, often credited as a "Beijing-based international affairs commentator," to deceptively promote pro-Beijing views on a wide variety of topics and regions.
  46. ^ Myers, Steven Lee (28 September 2023). "China Uses 'Deceptive' Methods to Sow Disinformation, U.S. Says". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 29 September 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  47. ^ Willemyns, Alex (28 September 2023). "US diplomat: 'We're in an undeclared information war'". Radio Free Asia. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  48. ^ Bandurski, David (29 February 2024). "China's Local Game of Global Propaganda". China Media Project. Archived from the original on 29 February 2024. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
  49. ^ Bandurski, David (4 July 2024). "China Starts Influence Ranking for Cities". China Media Project. Archived from the original on 6 July 2024. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
  50. ^ Chen, Lily (2004). "Evaluation in Media Texts: A Cross-Cultural Linguistic Investigation" (PDF). Language in Society. 33 (5): 673–702. doi:10.1017/S0047404504045026. ISSN 0047-4045. JSTOR 4169385. S2CID 5524732. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 January 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  51. ^ "Coronavirus: The information heroes China silenced". Reporters Without Borders. 25 March 2020. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
  52. ^ "China's Pursuit of a New World Media Order" (PDF). Reporters Without Borders. 22 March 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
  53. ^ Joseph, Jamie (4 March 2024). "Rubio calls on US media outlets to cut ties with CCP propaganda outlet China Daily". Fox News. Archived from the original on 5 March 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.
  54. ^ Li, Jane (17 June 2019). "A state-run Chinese newspaper is presenting alternative facts on Hong Kong's protests". Quartz. Archived from the original on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
  55. ^ Myers, Steven Lee; Mozur, Paul (13 August 2019). "China Is Waging a Disinformation War Against Hong Kong Protesters". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 30 April 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  56. ^ Conger, Kate (19 August 2019). "Facebook and Twitter Say China Is Spreading Disinformation in Hong Kong". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 20 August 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  57. ^ Feng, Emily (20 August 2019). "How China Uses Twitter And Facebook To Share Disinformation About Hong Kong". NPR. Archived from the original on 23 August 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  58. ^ Mac, Ryan; Adams, Rosalind (19 August 2019). "Have You Seen These Ads About Hong Kong's Protests? China Certainly Hopes You Have". BuzzFeed News. Archived from the original on 19 August 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
  59. ^ Huang, Echo (19 September 2019). "Why China isn't as skillful at disinformation as Russia". Quartz. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
  60. ^ Zheng, Sarah (10 September 2019). "China Daily newspaper criticised over claim Hong Kong protesters are planning 9/11 terror attack". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  61. ^ Gold, Hadas (15 May 2020). "China is mobilizing its global media machine in the coronavirus war of words". CNN. Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  62. ^ Walsh, Carly; Cullen, Simon (8 May 2020). "The EU has admitted it let China censor an op-ed by the bloc's ambassadors". CNN. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
  63. ^ "EU draws criticism over consent to China censorship of coronavirus article". Financial Times. 7 May 2020. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  64. ^ Kumar, Isabelle; Ruiz Trullols, Laura (7 May 2020). "EU regret after state-run newspaper China Daily removes COVID-19 mention from op-ed". Euronews. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  65. ^ Hui, Mary (21 January 2021). "China's vaccine diplomacy has an aggressive anti-vax element". Quartz. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  66. ^ "EEAS Special Report Update: Short Assessment of Narratives and Disinformation Around the COVID-19 Pandemic (Update December 2020 - April 2021)". EUvsDisinfo. European External Action Service. 28 April 2021. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  67. ^ Emmott, Robin (28 April 2021). "Russia, China sow disinformation to undermine trust in Western vaccines, EU report says". Reuters. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  68. ^ Aghekyan, Elen; Schafer, Bret (5 October 2021). "Deep in the Data Void: China's COVID-19 Disinformation Dominates Search Engine Results". Alliance For Securing Democracy. German Marshall Fund. Archived from the original on 5 October 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  69. ^ Tian, Yew Lun (29 January 2022). "China says U.S. plans to pay athletes to 'sabotage' Beijing Games". Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  70. ^ "突发:英媒宣称,研究证实新冠病毒是美国公司制造" [BREAKING: British media claims that research confirms that the new coronavirus was made by a US company]. China Daily (in Simplified Chinese). 24 March 2022. Archived from the original on 19 October 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  71. ^ Cockerell, Isobel (25 March 2022). "British homegrown conspiracies get Beijing's stamp of approval". Coda Media. Archived from the original on 5 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  72. ^ Zhang, Legu; Echols, William (1 April 2022). "Made by Moderna? China Spreads Yet Another Debunked COVID-19 Conspiracy Theory". Polygraph.info. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  73. ^ Ye, Meng; Thomas, Peter (1 June 2020). "Paternalism in China Daily's coverage of Chinese Muslims (2001–2015)". Discourse & Communication. 14 (3): 314–331. doi:10.1177/1750481319893770. ISSN 1750-4813. S2CID 213982943.
  74. ^ Hui, Mary (8 January 2021). "China praised itself for saving Uyghur women from being "baby-making machines"". Quartz. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  75. ^ "'Uygur women no longer baby-making machines': China boasts about birth rate dip". The Week. 8 January 2021. Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  76. ^ Ordonez, Victor (8 January 2021). "Chinese Embassy tweet about Uighurs and birth rate draws instant condemnation". ABC News. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  77. ^ Berrill, Lewis (8 January 2021). "Iain Duncan Smith blasts China over Uyghur detention camps". East London and West Essex Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  78. ^ "US Voices Disgust at China Boast of Uighur Population Control". Barron's. Agence France-Presse. 8 January 2021. Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  79. ^ "Twitter urged to act on China's 'violent propaganda' about Uyghur Muslim women". The Times of Israel. 8 January 2021. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  80. ^ Lee, Timothy B. (7 January 2021). ""Baby-making machines": Chinese tweet on Uighurs not against Twitter rules". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  81. ^ Lee, Timothy B. (9 January 2021). "Twitter takes down China's "baby-making machines" tweet on Uighur women". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 14 January 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  82. ^ Goh, Brenda (21 January 2021). "Twitter locks account of China's U.S. embassy over its defence of Xinjiang policy". Reuters. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
[edit]